I'm pretty sure you have a plugin installed for Explorer that makes it crash - while Explorer is far from a perfect piece of software, its not even close to this bad, but it's pretty easy to extend it with COM objects that then run inside the process, that can and do crash the whole thing.
It's a work computer, and from what I see there's no visible plugins. But corporate IT always does some fuck shit (that's a technical term), so I wouldn't be surprised.
I recommend you install
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/pro...
And take a look what DLLs have been loaded into your explorer.exe. Look for non Microsoft-signed ones.