> Of course, once you internalize this belief, any motivation to study is gone

This is definitely not a universal truth.

I know that if I had done better in every interview then I would’ve moved ahead and gotten the job. I guess that’s a different way of saying I was “bad” (not good enough). And it doesn’t affect my motivation in a negative way. I find that it actually helps me want to improve more.

I agree with your sentiment, but what you're referring to is "I'm not good at this task yet" which is different from "I am inherently incapable/inferior". The first can motivate, the second does not- this is supported by a large body of pedagogical research.

https://opentext.wsu.edu/theoreticalmodelsforteachingandrese...

> the tendency to internalize rejection as a sense of being inherently 'bad.‘

OK so just avoid this tendency.