It was forward when Newton discovered the beautiful simple determinism of physics.

Was it going backwards when the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics emerged?

Two words: many-world interpretation.

More seriously, this is not a fair comparison. Adding LLM output to your source code is not analogical to quantum physics; it is analogical to letting your 5 years old child transcribe the experimentally measured values without checking and accepting that many of them will be transcribed wrong.

The point is that determinism is an emergent phenomena and when you dig deeper it reduces to a ground which is nowhere near as stable. So as a heuristic, moving away from deterministic models isn’t necessarily the wrong direction.

Many worlds is, like you just said, an interpretation, and interestingly only one of many!

Hopefully even Newton already had some awareness of "deterministic chaos" (or whatever terms they would have used back then) ?

And on the side hand, no transistors without quantum mechanics.