Is "meaning" inherent to intelligence? Is emotion and the ability to have a subjective experience inherent to meaning? Genuine questions that I'm not sure we have good answers for yet.

Your other point that humans need very few examples for learning vs. what LLMs need is an interesting one. A few researchers talked about this very thing on the most recent episode of Dwarkesh's podcast.

My own view is that it seems unfair to compare an LLM's training with just what a human gets over the course of a lifetime, because our brains have been trained by a billion years of evolution for pattern matching. I'm not at all confident that AI models won't catch up.