I looked it up and I have to correct myself.

So EU/Eurostat has surveys, Serbia does too (I’m from Serbia).

However most countries have also national way of determining the rate that works how I described, and they may differ quite a lot from Eurostat.

I guess EU introduced surveys with Eurostat so countries don’t juke the stats.

For example

- Denmark computes net unemployment straight from benefit and PES registers — administrative coverage is complete enough to do it without asking anyone. It still runs an LFS for the ILO figure. - Germany, Austria, Poland, Czechia, Spain publish monthly registered counts that dominate domestic debate, exactly the way NSZ figures circulate in Serbia. Each uses its own national definition, so none is comparable across borders. - Finland keeps a register series noticeably above its LFS count, similar in shape to the NSZ/ARS gap.