docker access == root, as long as you can use volume mounts to arbitrarily mount anything else on the machine to a container. If the user is in the `docker` group, he's effectively root because he can patch around system files.
I once used this to recover lost sudoer access to a machine (have tested this now by editing my sudoer file with a comment):
~ docker run -it --rm -v /etc/sudoers:/etc/sudoers ubuntu bash
# apt update && apt install -y vim
# -- edit /etc/sudoers
# wq!
~ exit
~ sudo cat /etc/sudoers - works, comment is present