Under US law, you have a nearly absolute right to not answer police questions.

Yes of course. But their use of the PIN will likely only occur if you answer, which many people will. This is a common setup in interrogations.

the utah cops definitely would, based on whats been released from the rwckless ben bodycam footage

I belive this only applies if you are a US citizen and not a visitor.

Up in the air. SCOTUS didn't decide on this specific right. They did rule on other constitutional protections though, sometimes granting, sometimes denying them to non-citizens. It also depends if you're just arriving or already are in the US. For example, illegal immigrants who jumped the border fence have more rights than legal immigrants who didn't leave the airport yet.