Could we have giant nuclear reactors in space? What's the power loss from beaming down power?

> Could we have giant nuclear reactors in space?

We could. The usual stumbling block is how to ship fissile material upwell without the risk of a launch failure spreading highly radioactive material over several countries.

> What's the power loss from beaming down power?

I think it's about 10% from atmosphere alone, but you have to add losses from other components in the system, including light -> current -> RF and RF -> current legs, and I've seen estimates ranging from 15% to 40% efficiency end to end; this random article includes breakdown with estimates, that multiplies down to 37.5% efficiency end-to-end.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sci...

EDIT:

This system design gives 7-14% end-to-end efficiency: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.08373

EDIT2:

Also to spell out another non-obvious aspect of beamed power, it turns out that it's not the efficiency that's the limiting factor per se, but land - you can improve efficiency by building larger rectennas, but it gets very expensive very quickly once you consider paying for land under them.

See:

SNAP-10A

BES-5 (oops, sorry 'bout that Canada!)

TOPAZ-I

Kiwi, Phoebus, and NRX (Mars here we come!)

RD-0410 (Dossvidanya Solar System!)

SP-100

TOPAZ-II

Kilopower