Paris has a metro station everywhere at least in what a tourist can assume to be an enlarged city center. Tokyo is another city with a lot of metro stations. Manhattan too, at least up to Central Park (but 20+ since my last visit.) I don't remember Shanghai to stand out positively or negatively, but 11 years can be a long time.

Didn't China build an entire country-wide bullet train network in that time?

Possibly, but they already had bullet trains in 2015. I've been on a few of them.