DinoV3 paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.10104#page=36

"we use a rough estimate of a total 9M GPU hours"

From CoreWeave, at current prices (~$2.46/hr spot to ~$6.16/hr on demand) would correspond to $22M–$55M.

The dataset is really where the cost is though - they used LVD-1689M - 1.6B images of curated web data from roughly 17B instagram images. This probably cost a huge amount of hours in human annotation, compute for algorithmic filtering, etc and not to mention probably a 20-50 person team working on this model.

You might want to change assumptions about how expensive these models are.