Surely it's size based: Sun (Sol) > Earth (Terra) > Moon (Luna)

Similar to Anthropic's size/length based naming: Opus > Sonnet > Haiku

These names seem easy to understand to me, and much clearer than suffixes like -max and -plus.

I'd agree it is similar to Anthropic's naming scheme, which I'd argue shares the same problems as this. It improves marketability/googlability, but decreases actual comprehension.

You don't actually explain why or how these names are "easy to understand" just state that they simply are. That's great; to me, they aren't obvious or intuitive at all. May have well just start randomly pointing at dictionary words.

I collect roman coins, with latin legends, so the sun/earth/moon references jumped out at me, and partly based on the opus/sonnet/haiku precedent I assumed that these names were referring to different model sizes/prices in a way that mapped to the names (Sun > Earth > Moon).

I'll admit though that until recently I never really thought about Anthropic's naming scheme as having meaning (an Opus being longer than a Sonnet, being longer than a Haiku).