Tutors should be able to approximate the ZPD better than any student can. Most students lack intrinsic motivation and it's a tutor's job to help them get started.

    > Most students lack intrinsic motivation
Woah, this a wild claim. Plus it is on a spectrum per subject. Do you have any evidence to support your bold claim?

Okay, I was generalising from experience; most students I've met lack intrinsic motivation. School systems typically encourage students to depend on extrinsic motivation.