I think it'd be pretty weird if people and teams inside a company go just go rogue against the CEO.

It's not that you want teams to be able to go rogue - you want teams to be able to work against a stable mission statement, that doesn't change every 5 minutes as the CEO changes mood

What if the CEO is wrong about something?

That's on the company owners[1], as represented by its board.

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[1] Companies like Meta actually has two types of ownership: ownership of the company's current assets (economic equity), which is not the same as ownership of control in the company's decision making (voting power). The owners I reference here are the second category of ownership.

In the example of Meta, a quick search suggests Zuckerberg holds about 61% of the voting power.