In the past, an engineer who deeply understood the internals of a DB and how memory management worked in Java would be indispensable.

Now these skills don't matter as much because LLM's/Cloud/Java abstract out these problems.

What makes domain expertise a different category itself that lends it to be not automated out by LLM? Example: Why can't I go to into an agri-startup and become better than anyone else by querying an LLM even when I have no domain expertise? Much the same way I beat the dev who was good at DB internals?

> In the past, an engineer who deeply understood the internals of a DB and how memory management worked in Java would be indispensable.

That engineer still is indispensable. Any organization foolish enough to replace such a person with an LLM is going to find itself in deep water when the pile of hallucinations becomes too much to endure.