> inline CSS can't be cached

Can you elaborate what the problem is? What is it you want to cache?

> and it creates a lot of noise when using dev tools for debugging.

I don’t think so. The element styles have an own section (assuming you debug the applied styles)

> It actually increases cognitive load because you have to account for CSS in two different locations.

Same applies to no tailwind. You need to account for the html (is parent block / inline / …) anyway.