The amount of subsidence is quite dramatic, up to 25 cm per year!
What are the practical consequences of this today, and what is being done to remedy this?
The amount of subsidence is quite dramatic, up to 25 cm per year!
What are the practical consequences of this today, and what is being done to remedy this?
I don't even see how buildings can survive that actually... (unless it's happening very evenly)
Just as a fun fact, here are some images of the extent of subsidence (due to groundwater pumping for agriculture) in the California Central Valley: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/land-subsidence-in-california/m...
Note in particular the last one, which is a classic. Roads, buildings, and all underground infrastructure is affected. As well as anyone else who uses that groundwater, as well as future users - because come groundwater reservoirs do not recover, the compaction is permanent.
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They are clearly not doing enough to remedy this; The only real solucion is to stop pumping the ground water, like I believe Japan did.
Miami has a similar issue, doesn't it?
Due to construction not ground water problem. Mostly building load and construction induced.
so does Jakarta and few other cities in the world.
> What are the practical consequences of this today
Infrastructure degradation. Think overpass collapses or metro rail lines being misaligned.
> what is being done to remedy this
Not enough. CDMX faces the issue of multiple political entities with varying power making management difficult.
A lot of the subsidence happens in informal settlements [0] due to a mixture of political populism (no one would dare demolish an informal settlement and piss off voters).
Beijing used to have a similar issue, but a mixture of hukou, mass evictions, and mass demolitions helped alleviate the issue.
[0] - https://penniur.upenn.edu/uploads/media/02_Gutierrez.pdf
We can also see it play out in other countries, that had solar water pumping for the last ten years, like afghanistan. In the end stage- its water wars with neighbours like Pakistan or Iran.