But you wouldn't, or shouldn't, take a patchwork approach to it.
If the software you're trying to secure actually depends on a full, working, intertwined unix system... you leave that as it is. You can certainly try reducing a process's access to the system it's running on (whether that be by containers, jail(8), SELinux, AppArmor, etc.), but you don't go around deleting 7-zip or your scripting languages or compilers, on the off-chance that'll thwart a hacker.
Sure, you can say, "defense in depth", but if you have one layer that's actually holding up the security guarantees, and a second layer that is largely ineffectual (haha! I removed /bin/cat, now they can't read files! oh and base64 too... and yyencode... and... and... and...), I wouldn't waste much time on the second layer.
I think you have the wrong end of the stick. The OP link is a resource for when you do get access to the processes environment which has already been reduced via containers, jails, or what have you.
If the environment is already restricted, but the process has, for example, access to the base64 tool, here's how you can use that to do something you otherwise aren't able to.