I think the only reason for mapping is to be able to block off 'no go' areas (no escaping out the front door!) and to be able to go home to the charger.

For the actual cleaning, random works great.

Surely mapping also helps reducing the time it takes to achieve the task?

You are right. The original Roomba was discussed on HN 3 months ago:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46472930