Apple APIs yes. But there’s also an overhead when running containers like docker on Mac (and windows). Only Linux has near-zero overhead.

Right, because on Mac (and windows) you’re running a VM rather than just setting up kernel namespaces. How cpu and network intensive are these pets? Or is it more of a principle thing, which I totally understand?

I prefer containerization because it gives me a repeatable environment that I know works, where on my system things can change as the os updates and applications evolve.

But I can understand the benefit of sandboxing for sure! Thank you.

very roughly: not that bad but not zero. I see docker taking a continuous 1/2% CPU on MacOS when running its host, where sandbox-exec or containers on linux are zero unless used.

If you prefer containers, use containers.