I do not know. But the best evidence of something surviving for 500 years is looking at things which have survived that long already. Laser printers were first invented in the 70s. So the oldest surviving laser printed pages are like 50 years old. You can of course do things like accelerated aging tests, or reasoning from chemical composition, which can give you ideas. But to be certain it is better to be conservative. With inks we have more experience. We have plenty of 500 years old books and through the years we learned better what survives and what causes problems. Now of course that doesn’t mean that every ink will be better. Just that there is a better chance that the best inks, specifically formulated for longevity will perform better than the best laser prints.

That plus inks penetrate into the paper while laser prints are baked onto the fibers. Which i feel is better for staying there long term.

But who knows. Maybe there will be an archivist in 2100 on the moon cursing my name for suggesting inks instead of laser prints. Maybe by then it will be clear that properly formulated tonner is actually better. In some sense only time will tell.

Beware flaking toner. I don't know if it flakes due to age or only immediately after printing.

https://duckduckgo.com/?q=laser+printer+flaking