When referring to the efforts nation-states, I'd be very interested to hear how often such metaphorical usage is used to describe the work of adversarial vs. friendly countries. I would be shocked if it's as often (in the Anglophone press) used to describe the work of US-aligned countries as it is that of US-adversarial countries.
This is literally by the country that suffered the most from it.
Well, the description is attributed to "two people with knowledge of the project" of unclear national origin.