Yes, and sysadmins have been quietly banning those misbehaving programs for the last 30 years.
The only thing that seems to have changed is that today's thread is full of people who think they have some sort of human right to access any website by any means possible, including their sloppy vibe-coded crawler. In the past, IIRC, people used to be a little more apologetic about consuming other people's resources and did their best to fly below the radar.
It's my website. I have every right to block anyone at any time for any reason whatsoever. Whether or not your use case is "legitimate" is beside the point.
The entitlement of so many modern vibe coders (or as we called them before, script kiddies) is absolutely off the charts. Just because there is not a rule or law expressly against what you're doing doesn't mean it's perfectly fine to do. Websites are hosted by and funded by people, and if your shitty scraper racks up a ton of traffic on one of my sites, I may end up on the hook for that. I am perfectly within both my rights and ethical boundaries to block your IP(s).
And just to not leave it merely implied, I don't give a rats ass if that slows down your "innovation." Go away.