Yeah, that's a valid concern. We use an older spare iPhone for this, which worked out well. iOS doesn't have a "Kids Corner" equivalent unfortunately - you'd need to use Screen Time restrictions to lock down the device (block apps/calls/etc) but still need to unlock the phone

There was an article not long ago about using Apple Configurator to dumb down an iphone : https://stopa.io/post/297

Maybe this could be handy.