what’s interesting is how every few years we circle back to the same conversation with new names for old problems. the industry keeps rebranding the same complexity as innovation, but it’s mostly the same tension between abstraction and control. every new framework promises to simplify things, but each simplification hides an entire new layer of assumptions that developers eventually have to learn anyway. maybe that’s just the cost of building software at scale now: we’re layering human preferences and historical context into the codebase as much as we are logic. in that sense, modern stacks aren’t complicated because of bad design choices, they’re complicated because they’re living artifacts of collective compromise.