The most compelling and plausible solution to this that I have seen is a set of standards called Solid, made by Tim Berners Lee, who invented the web.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_(web_decentralization_pr...

You’d think that if anybody could pull off reshaping how data is stored and shared on the Internet, it would be him. And the technology is, well, solid.

Unfortunately, it doesn’t have as much traction as I would hope. Probably because it requires a new way of thinking about many parts of the tech stack. It’s not as simple as swapping out one library for another one. The existing web has so much momentum, and so many of today’s tools and frameworks have assumptions built into them that aren’t necessarily convenient for building a web where users have true data ownership.

Still, I’m rooting for Solid and the team behind it. They clearly understand these issues. They’ve been building libraries and scaffolding tools to make it easier to adopt Solid, For new projects, it’s pretty easy these days.