They do!

Basically anything that consumes solar power incorporates what's called a "MPPT", or maximum power point tracker.

Basically, it's a smart DC-DC converter that continually tracks the voltage/current output of a solar panel and adjusts the load to extract the maximum available power from the panel.

It's not uncommon to have issues with extremely high panel voltages in snowy climates, when they're first illuminated in the morning. If you are close to the maximum voltage your MPPT charger can handle in normal circumstances, extreme cold can even damage things during the initial morning transient. You then have to do oddball things like use a crowbar system to prevent blowing up your MPPT system.

(see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking )