Also with EDNS0, you can send larger messages over UDP, too, because you aren't restricted to a single UDP payload, but can send multiple datagrams.
It's pretty cool how this tech has evolved. UDP has become so much more reliable that you can even do SSL over UDP, with a complex mechanism meant to account for dropped packets during the handshake process.
After many years of "4096 ought to be enough for anybody", the default max UDP size in BIND 9 was reduced to 1232. Frags are bad; jumbos are good, but frags are bad!