Using X11 isn't exactly from scratch.
Perhaps unintuitively, the recipe for writing a GUI from scratch is almost exactly the same as making an apple pie from scratch, save some minor details at the very end.
First, invent the universe (left as an exercise)
Perhaps unintuitively, the recipe for writing a GUI from scratch is almost exactly the same as making an apple pie from scratch, save some minor details at the very end.
First, invent the universe (left as an exercise)