Math is a language with many dialects, so you should treat it like learning a language in that you both have to start simple and build up, and use it. Take the time to learn what the symbols are saying for whatever dialect you are using.

It sounds like you're getting into geometric kernel programming for something like CAD. Go brush up on parametric equations, implicit vs explicit representations, and play around with simple spline examples. 2D is enough to get the idea. You'll need to know some basic calculus for this, as splines are usually constrained by the derivative at the node. You can get quite far with just Wikipedia, YouTube videos, some thinking, and some exploratory programming. Hell, throw AI in there as well.