> Apple has had decades optimizing its software and hardware stacks to the demands of its majority users, whereas Intel and AMD have to optimize for a much broader scope of use cases.

But as you mention - they've at multiple times changed the underlying architecture, which surely would render å large part of prior optimizations obsolete?

> Software in x86 world is not optimized, broadly, because it doesn’t have to be.

Do ARM software need optimization more than x86?