It's all more or less the same between Plasma/Gnome/XFCE. On X11 all window managers had to employ roughly similar heuristics-based tactics. That does however mean there might be behavior differences based on the specific WM's implementation.

The token-based activation protocol for Wayland is a shared development that has been adopted across different toolkits, and I imagine will probably also result in more consistent default behavior across environments, although of course in theory a given compositor could decide or be configured to whatever flavor of stealing prevention is wanted.

I can't comment much on macOS/Windows technically, except that my standard user experience on Windows installs is that at least once per week, some OEM background thing decides to update something that for some reason requires running a cmd.exe terminal window that reliably steals focus from whatever I'm doing. This kind of thing hasn't really been an issue on Linux DEs for decades.