Permission granted by whom? Agencies and companies that launch satellites are subject only to the laws of the countries in which they are based. And it is not even imaginable to have a NPT-like system where a few "special" countries have the right to launch satellites while the others don't.
That generally falls to the International Telecommunication Union globally, as a satellite without a radio is basically junk.
Then maybe the 4(+) countries that can field anti sat weapons beyond that.
I understand you may want it to fall to the UN, but to the extent that it does it is merely a courtesy.
If someone wants to launch satellites with a radio violating every ITU regulation there is, unless someone is going to knock on their door with a gun, it doesn't mean squat. The buck stops at your nation's capital - if they're okay with what you're doing, you can do it. Everything else is just diplomatic window dressing and doesn't really mean anything at the end of the day.