DOI has nothing to do with blockchain. There's no great looming issue with resolving the legitimate origin of published material. There's no provenance problem to solve. There's a registration problem, that has been solved, and for which blockchains are a terrible fit.
DOIs could be stored for lookup in a blockchain. Isn't there currently a centralized single point of failure in DOI and ORCID resolution?
Users would generate and centrally register or receive a generated W3C DID keypair with which to sign their ScholarlyArticles and peer review CreativeWorks.
W3D DID Decentralized Identifiers solve for what DOI and ORCID solve for without requiring a central registry.
W3C PROV is for describing provenance. PROV RDF can be signed with a DID sk.
PDFs can be signed with their own digital signature scheme, but there's no good way to publish Linked Data in a PDF (prepared as a LaTeX manuscript for example).
Bibliographic and experimental control metadata is only so useful in assuring provenance and authenticity of article and data and peer reviews which legitimize.
From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28382186 :
>> JOSS (Journal of Open Source Software) has managed to get articles indexed by Google Scholar [rescience_gscholar]. They publish their costs [joss_costs]: $275 Crossref membership, DOIs: $1/paper: