> But we don't know how to do that.
That's because that's not how it works. From brains to LLMs [1], training creates a dense network of pathways that encode information and procedures. I lack many of the pathways to speak Swahili, and no mythical combination of words will change that. If I want to learn Swahili, I'll have to deliberately train myself to do so, building up those pathways incrementally. Then comes the click.
How true what I said is depends on the domain. It is less applicable to subjects which involve simple facts with lots of rote memorization, and more applicable to subjects with difficult to grasp concepts.
You are comparing a subject near one of the spectrum (learning a language) to one that is probably as far as you can get to the other end of the spectrum (learning mathematics).