Usually helping prevent the issue, training. Almost everyone I've ever seen cause an outage is so "oh shit oh shit oh shit" that a reprimand is worthless, I've spent more time a) talking them through what they could have done better and, encouraging them to escalate quicker b) assusaging their fears that it was all their fault and they'll be blamed / fired. "I just want you to know we don't consider this your fault. It was not your fault. Many many people made poor risk tradeoffs for us to get to the point where you making X trivial change caused the internet to go down"

In some cases like interns we probably just took their commit access away or blocked their direct push access. Now a days interns can't touch critical systems and can't push code directly to prod packages.