For me GPS definitely reduced my ability to find my way and the same should be true for AI. I think it could lead to reduced critical thinking. Frequent use of ChatGPT for quick answers may reduce opportunities to practice critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Also passive learning might be an issue. Relying on AI for information without actively engaging with the material could lead to superficial understanding. Easy access to information might reduce the need to memorize facts, potentially affecting long-term retention. The same for writing and research. Generating text or conducting research might diminish one's ability to perform these tasks independently. On the other hand it's true for almost all technology so we might have more headspace for other problems.
Interesting comment about GPS. I find I learn a lot because I always check the route it chooses, and often find possibilities I didn't consider. I think GPS is different to AI because it calculates from a well defined set of parameters. AI on the other hand regurgitates other people's work without having any actual knowledge at all.