Kotlin on a modern JVM comes pretty close.
* Performance - the JVM is very competitive with C/C++ performance.
* Compile times - Not go fast, but not C/C++/Rust slow.
* Concurrency - Virtual threads (finalized in 21) bring in the concurrency capabilities of go to the JVM
* Type System Flexibility - Kotlin isn't quite as flexible as Typescript, but it's pretty close. It's more flexible than java but not as flexible as scala. I think it strikes a good middle ground.
* Native platform integration - This is probably the weakest part of the JVM but it's gotten a lot better with the work done on Project Panama (mostly delivered in 22). Jextract makes it a lot easier to make native integrations with Java. Definitely not as painful as the JNI days.
There's also kotlin native that you could play around with (I haven't).