Or just a few cents! Possibly that will only last until war in Taiwan, though, or until it becomes impossible to find anything but counterfeits.
Or just a few cents! Possibly that will only last until war in Taiwan, though, or until it becomes impossible to find anything but counterfeits.
This depends on the PIO in the RP2040/RP2350. As far as I know, that is an innovation exclusive to the Raspberry Pi company, so it would not be possible to do this on another microcontroller:
https://magazine.raspberrypi.com/articles/what-is-programmab...
The microcontroller has additional cores called state machines in the PIOs that are specifically designed for bit banging and have their own custom ISA that reportedly only has 9 instructions.
Yes, it does, although it's almost like horizontal microcode; it can do several things in a clock cycle other than the instruction itself. I didn't mean to imply that you could bitbang 100BaseT with a Padauk PFS150 or a PY32.
The Padauk FPPA chips are probably a bit better at bitbanging strange protocols than any ARM, but not in the same class as the Pi's PIO.
Uncertain. The cheap, mass produced commodity ICs are built with "ancient" nodes with high yields.
I think that's probably true for Padauk's PFS150 and similar, but I think the 14¢ https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/Microcontrollers-MCU-MPU... and the 9¢ https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/Microcontrollers-MCU-MPU... are probably fabbed in more recent nodes.
And of course the counterfeit problem has very little to do with what node is used to produce the chips; it's a question of how effective your society's institutions are at keeping fraud under control.
https://zeptobars.com/en/read/wch-ch32v003-risc-v-riscv-micr...
This page estimates 90nm for the CH32V003, and I found another post very roughly estimating 130nm. And a pi pico isn't all that fancy either at 40nm.
And should I be very worried about counterfeit microcontrollers? It seems like a lot of effort, and like it would probably still work.
There are different levels of "counterfeit".
There's the clearly labeled and advertised GD32F103 style clone which is pin-compatible, supports higher clock speeds than the original STM32F103, but takes much longer to power on and has different analog characteristics, maybe some worse; not a problem.
There's the potential case where somebody sells you a GD32 telling you it's an STM32, either with the proper markings, with the markings sanded off, or with actually fake markings. This still might cause no problems, or might result in a problem that takes you a long time to track down. (Maybe you're unknowingly relying on, say, the hypothetical lower power consumption of a clone, so when you fab a batch with real STM32s, the product's battery life goes to shit.) You can detect this in firmware and may be able to come up with workarounds. Or, if your vendor is FTDI, they may sneak malware into their Microsoft Windows driver and brick your products months or years after you've sold them. They've done it twice.
There's the case where the clone is designed to act as much like the original as possible, so maybe you can't detect the substitution in firmware and can't work around whatever problems the counterfeit is causing.
Then there's the case where you ordered 10,000 STM32s in a QFN-32 and got 10,000 QFN-32s that say "STM32" on them but are actually PICs with a totally different pinout, or SRAM, or something else. These will not probably still work.