From "So how does Astral plan to make money? " (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44358216):

"What I want to do is build software that vertically integrates with our open source tools, and sell that software to companies that are already using Ruff, uv, etc. Alternatives to things that companies already pay for today. An example of what this might look like [...] would be something like an enterprise-focused private package registry."

There's also this interview with Charlie Marsh (Astral founder): https://timclicks.dev/podcast/supercharging-python-tooling-a... (specifically the "Building a commerical company with venture capital " section)